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S5 0014+81 is a distant, compact, hyperluminous, broad-absorption line quasar or blazar located near the high declination region of the constellation Cepheus, near the North Equatorial Pole. ==Characteristics== The object is a quasar, the most energetic subclass of objects known as active galactic nuclei, produced by the rapid accretion of matter by a central supermassive black hole, changing the gravitational energy to light energy that can be visible in cosmic distances. In the case of S5 0014+81 it is one of the most luminous quasars known, powering up light equivalent to over 1041 watts,〔1.2 x 1041 watts. 〕 equal to an absolute bolometric magnitude of -31.5. If the quasar was at the distance of 280 light-years it would give as much energy per square meter as the Sun despite being 18 million times more distant. The quasar's luminosity is therefore about 3 x 1014 (300 trillion) times the Sun,〔Solar luminosity is 3.846 × 1026 watts. (【引用サイトリンク】 title= Sun Facts )〕 or over 25 thousand times as luminous as all the 100 to 400 billion stars of the Milky Way Galaxy combined,〔The Milky Way absolute visual magnitude is -20.6. 〕 making it one of the most powerful objects in the universe. However, because of its huge distance of 12.1 billion light-years it is not visible to the naked eye and hence must be studied by larger telescopes. The central black hole of the quasar devours an extremely huge amount of matter, equivalent to 4000 solar masses of material every year. The quasar is also a very strong source of gamma-rays, X-rays, down to radio waves. The quasar is located at a distance where the observed redshift of quasars and stars are extremely similar, making the two objects difficult to distinguish using the standard spectroscopic redshift and the photometric redshift determination, and hence must be treated by other special techniques to successfully determine the nature of the object. The quasar's designation, S5, is from the ''Fifth Survey of Strong Radio Sources'', 0014+81 was its coordinates in epoch B1950.0. It also has the other designation 6C B0014+8120, from the Sixth Cambridge Catalogue of Radio Sources by Cambridge University. The host galaxy of S5 0014+81 is a giant elliptical starburst galaxy, with the apparent magnitude of 24. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「S5 0014+81」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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